Abstract and concrete - Wikipedia
In philosophy and the arts, a fundamental distinction is between things that are abstract and things that are concrete. While there is no general consensus as to how to precisely define the two, examples include that things like numbers, sets, and ideas are abstract objects, while plants, dogs, and planets are concrete objects. [1] .
Abstract Objects - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2001年7月19日 · It is a formal, axiomatic metaphysical theory of objects (both abstract and concrete), and also includes a theory of properties, relations, and propositions. The theory explicitly defines the notion of an abstract object but also …
Abstract object theory - Wikipedia
Abstract object theory (AOT) is a branch of metaphysics regarding abstract objects. [1] Originally devised by metaphysician Edward Zalta in 1981, [2] the theory was an expansion of mathematical Platonism.
抽象对象理论 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书
抽象对象理论，或称 抽象客体理论 （英語： Abstract Object Theory），属于 形上學 分支，关于 抽象客体。 最初提出这个概念的哲学家（形而上学家）是 爱德华·扎尔塔，在他1999年的论文中 [1]，这个理论被认为是 数学哲学 的一个扩展。 扎尔塔的著作《抽象客体：公理形而上学导论》（英語： Abstract Objects: An Introduction to Axiomatic Metaphysics，1983年）中，他描绘了抽象客体理论的框架。 [2]
The Theory of Abstract Objects - Stanford University
Abstract objects are the objects that are presupposed by our scientific conceptual framework. For example, when doing natural science, we presuppose that we can use the natural numbers to count concrete objects, and that we can use the real numbers to measure them in various ways.
Platonism in the Philosophy of Mathematics - Stanford …
2009年7月18日 · Platonism about mathematics (or mathematical platonism) is the metaphysical view that there are abstract mathematical objects whose existence is independent of us and our language, thought, and practices. Just as electrons and planets exist independently of us, so do numbers and sets.
Abstract Objects - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2001年7月19日 · Abstract objects are defined as those that lack certain features possessed by paradigmatic concrete things. Nearly every explicit characterization in the literature has this feature. There are, however, several significant difficulties with this approach, at least in its most familiar implementations.
Abstract Objects - Philosophy - Oxford Bibliographies
An abstract object is a non-physical, non-mental object that exists outside of space and time and is wholly unextended. For example, one might think that numbers are abstract objects; e.g., it is plausible to think that if the number 3 exists, then it is not a physical or mental object, and it does not exist in space and time.
. What are they arguing about? What does this word ‘abstract’ (and i. being . by the. elieved the Pythagorean Theorem. It’s not clear why this shouldn’t mean that the property whiteness, or the Pythagorean Theorem, coun. a. having �. t there are no abstract objects. This claim inherits all …
Abstract Objects: An Introduction to Axiomatic Metaphysics
Abstract Objects: An Introduction to Axiomatic Metaphysics Author Edward N. Zalta Reference Dordrecht: D. Reidel (Kluwer), 1983 (xiii + 193 pages) Table of Contents . PREFACE INTRODUCTION . Theory, Data, and Explanation The Origins of the Theory CHAPTER I: ELEMENTARY OBJECT THEORY . The Language The Semantics The Logic The Proper Axioms
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