Women Knights in the Middle Ages - Heraldica
Jan 28, 2000 · Female Grand-Cross in the ORder of Saint John. In 1645, when a Turkish fleet threatened the island of Malta, a French nobleman, Louis d'Arpajon (1601-79), called his …
Nobility and Titles in France - Heraldica
Briefly put, the legal status of nobility was abolished in 1789 and never recreated. Titles of nobility, as hereditary marks of honor, were recreated in 1808, abolished in 1848, restored in 1852 and …
Legitimacy and Orders of Knighthood - Heraldica
An order of knighthood is legitimate if it is defined as legal, recognized and acknowledged as such by a sovereign authority. Within its borders, a sovereign state does as it pleases. Most, if not …
Knighthood and Chivalry - Heraldica
In modern English, chivalry means the ideals, virtues, or characteristics of knights. The phrases "orders of chivalry" and "orders of knighthood" are essentially synonymous. The German …
The Fleur-de-Lys - Heraldica
The Fleur-de-lis. Stained glass window in the shape of a fleur-de-lys, Bourges cathedral, 15th c. Note the various themes: the Trinity, which the 3 petals were understood to recall, is …
The Oriflamme, Standard of the French kings - Heraldica
The oriflamme was a sacred banner used by the kings of France in the Middle Ages in times of great danger. It was distinct from the heraldic banner of the French kings (semis of fleur-de-lys …
Proclamations of Accessions of British Sovereigns (1547-1952)
(Source: The Times, June 21, 1837; quoting the supplement to The London Gazette, June 20, 1837). Whitehall, June 20. On Tuesday morning, June 20th inst., at 12 minutes past 2 o'clock, …
Regulation of Heraldry in England
The regulation of English heraldry between 1530 and 1688 has led many writers to project back into the Middle Ages concepts and beliefs of later times. In particular, one often sees the claim …
Order of Precedence in England and Wales - Heraldica
The oldest written order of precedence dates from 1399, and was probably drawn for the coronation of Henry IV. Other important documents date from 1429, 1466-7, 1487, and 1520. …
Heraldica: Links to other resources on the Web
Early Rolls of Arms, a compilation of early medieval rolsl of arms by Brian Timms King René's Tournament Book, an interesting document in the original Medieval French and an English …