Naming Complex Substituents — Organic Chemistry Tutor
2023年10月10日 · Numeric Prefixes for Complex Substituents. There’s actually a difference which set of numeric prefixes we use depending on what type of a group we have. For the simple …
Nomenclature of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes — Organic Chemistry …
This is called n-propyl, where “n” stands for “normal” or linear. Or alternatively, the propyl group can attach to the parent via the middle atom. In this case we are going to call it an isopropyl …
Conformational Analysis — Organic Chemistry Tutor
Choose an initial conformation to start with. For example, for this discussion, I’ll place the isopropyl group at the top and the methyl groups at random positions on the back atom. The …
CIP Rules and R/S Stereodescriptors - Organic Chemistry Tutor
The CIP rules are used for most but not all types of the stereodescriptors. Within the scope of a typical introductory organic chemistry course, we will only look at the R/S and E/Z …
Cleavage of Ethers with Acids — Organic Chemistry Tutor
Ethers cleave with HX acids via either S N 1 or S N 2 mechanisms. Primary ethers cleave via the S N 2 mechanism. Secondary and tertiary ethers cleave via the S N 1 mechanism. If you have …
Dashes and Wedges — Organic Chemistry Tutor
On paper, we need to tilt the molecule a bit to one side or the other. We can either show the wedge on the right side and the dash on the left side or flip it, with the wedge on the left and …
How to Draw Chair Conformations — Organic Chemistry Tutor
Step 1: Sketching the Basic Structure. Start by finding a cross on your grid paper and place a dot at the intersection. From that dot, draw a diagonal line extending three squares across and …
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation and Acylation Reaction
Mechanism of the Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reaction. Like in any electrophilic aromatic substitution, we start by making an electrophile. In the alkylation reaction, we start by making a complex …
Synthesis of Epoxides — Organic Chemistry Tutor
Synthesis of Epoxides. In this tutorial, we’re delving into the world of epoxide synthesis, an important topic in organic chemistry. Epoxides, with their unique three-membered ring …
Oxidation of Alcohols with PCC — Organic Chemistry Tutor
Oxidation of alcohols with PCC starts with a nucleophilic attack by the oxygen of the alcohol onto the chromium oxide. The protonated intermediate that we get after that attack will lose the …