True puffers differ from porcupinefish firstly in dentition. True puffers have four teeth, to which their family name translates, while porcupinefish possess only two teeth ('di'- meaning two and ...
You might easily mistake Katayama Bunzaburo Shoten's colorful scarfs, hats and bags for long-spine porcupinefish at first glance due to the spiky shapes they take on when not stretched out to wear.