The first recorded use of a hemispherical-head engine was used in Europe as far back as 1905 by Belgian automaker, Pipe, and by Fiat, in their Fiat 130HP Grand Prix car. The engine design saw some ...

If the ratio between cylinder and head is 2.428, the radial deformations of both components are congruent, and no stresses are produced at the knuckle between cylinder and head. In this case, the only ...