Therefore, electrons cannot be arranged at random, but they must have fixed levels of energy within each type of atom. Bohr's 'solar system' model of the atom is the way that most people think ...

It also tells us that chlorine has 18 neutrons (35 - 17) and, as the number of electrons and protons are equal in a neutral atom, chlorine also has 17 electrons. The relative mass of a nucleus is ...

Nucleons, the particles that make up the nucleus of an atom, are fundamental to understanding the universe's building blocks.

Beyond the simplistic models of protons and neutrons clustered together like gumballs in a dispenser, the nucleus of a massive atom is a wild tempest of quantum activity. Understanding how individual ...