In the ninth and tenth centuries, castles were often built of wood and easily burned down by enemies. As unrest spread across Europe and warfare began to change, castle designs had to adapt.

They despise celebrations not sanctioned by Islam and see Christmas as a crime against Allah.

Far from their dour reputation, the Middle Ages were a period of massive social change, burgeoning nationalism, international conflict, terrible natural disaster, climate change, rebellion ...

By Patrick Kingsley Reporting from Jerusalem In September last year, the top United Nations envoy for the Middle East peace ... In the half-decade before the war, he said, the international ...

While the Rohirrim are no strangers to war, peace is what Helm longs for as he settles into his old age. As is tradition ... you with soaring shots of Middle-earth from Great Eagles ...

Henry, son of Empress Matilda, established stability after civil war between his mother and her rival Stephen. He asserted his authority over the barons and enforced law and governance.