Some flower ovaries produce enclosures in which wasp larvae develop while others produce fig seeds. The wasps hatch after a few days, males before females. Male wasps move throughout the syconium ...

The fascinating discovery highlights the dynamic strategies of evolution. Parasitic wasps present a gruesome threat to fruit ...

This fig wasp proves that plants of the fig genus ... where they transform into grubs and dine on wasp larvae. Later the grubs pupate in the soil and then go on to continue the cycle.

In the continual arms race between parasites and their hosts, innovation was thought to be the key to a successful attack or ...

Many flies are plagued by parasitic wasps, which lay their eggs in fly larvae, turning them into surrogate wombs for wasp larvae. One common fly has successfully fought off its wasp predator by ...

These wasps lay their eggs inside the larvae, or maggots, and remain there until the larvae turn into immobile pupae, at which point the wasp eggs mature into wasp larvae that consume the fly pupa ...