This process is called elongation. Three of the four nitrogenous bases that make up RNA — adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G) — are also found in DNA. In RNA, however, a base called ...

and a nitrogenous base. Adjacent ribose nucleotide bases are chemically attached to one another in a chain via chemical bonds called phosphodiester bonds. Unlike DNA, RNA is usually single-stranded.

Comparison of a single-stranded RNA and a double-stranded DNA with their corresponding nucleobases. (Image: Wikimedia Commons, CC SA 3.0) The most common type of base pairing is the Watson-Crick base ...

This discovery, along with the identification of other nitrogenous bases, laid the foundation for our understanding of DNA and RNA structure. Cytosine can be synthesized chemically or isolated from ...

A multi-institutional team of researchers, led by Georgia Tech's Francesca Storici, has discovered a previously unknown role ...