During the Great Depression, African Americans were disproportionately affected by unemployment: they were the first fired and the last hired. After Roosevelt was elected, he began to institute hi ...

In 1933, there were only 24 African Americans in a work force of 4,000 men. Bureau of Reclamation. The start of construction on Hoover in 1930 held the promise of employment for thousands of ...

When he started boxing in the 1930s, there were no African-Americans in positions of public prominence, none who commanded attention from whites. "What my father did was enable white America to ...